Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer

Factors associated with minimum dietary diversity among 6-11-month-old children in Indonesia: Analysis of the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey



Abstract

Background and purpose: The indicators to assess food diversity in complementary feeding is minimum dietary diversity (MDD). In 2017, the proportion of MDD among 6-11-month-old children in Indonesia was 33.8%, which was the lowest among other age group and below the national rate. This study aims to explore factors associated with MDD among 6-11-month-old children in Indonesia

Methods: This study was a secondary data analysis of the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS), a cross-sectional study involving 17,848 children across all provinces in Indonesia. The final samples included in this analysis were 1,593 children aged 6-11-month-old. Variables analyzed were parent’s education level, access to information, parent’s occupation, wealth index, and access to health facilities. Logistic regression model was applied to identify   factors associated with MDD.

Results: The proportion of MDD in this study was 35.1%. The highest food groups that were consumed were staple food, vitamin-A rich fruits and vegetables, and breastmilk. The final model showed factors which correlated significantly with complementary feeding practices that met MDD requirement were wealth index categorized as richer (OR=1.72; 95%CI: 1.16-2.55; p=0.007), wealth index categorized as richest (OR=2.42; 95%CI: 1.58-3.68; p<0.001) and using internet almost every day (OR=1.42; 95%CI: 1.05-1.91; p=0.023).

Conclusion: Wealth index and internet use were independently associated with MDD. Online media should be considered as channel to spread information of complementary feeding diversity to children, while socio-economic factor which associated to food accessibility should be addressed by involving beyond health sector.

Keywords: Minimum dietary diversity complementary feeding children Indonesia

References

  1. Dewey K. Guiding principles for complimentary feeding of the breastfed child [Internet]. Washington DC: Pan American Health Organization; 2003. Available from: https://iris.paho.org/handle/10665.2/752
  2. Dewey K. Guiding principles for feeding non-breastfed children 6-24 months of age. children [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2005. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/43281/9241593431.pdf
  3. Khamis AG, Mwanri AW, Ntwenya JE, Kreppel K. The influence of dietary diversity on the nutritional status of children between 6 and 23 months of age in Tanzania. BMC Pediatr. 2019; 19(1): 1-9.
  4. World Health Organization, UNICEF. Indicators for assessing infant and young child feeding practices Part 1: definitions [Internet]. France: World Health Organization and UNICEF; 2008. Available from: https://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/infantfeeding/9789241599290/en/
  5. World Health Organization, UNICEF. Indicators for assessing infant and young child feeding practices: definitions and measurement methods [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization and UNICEF; 2021. Available from: https://data.unicef.org/resources/indicators-for-assessing-infant-and-young-child-feeding-practices/
  6. World Health Organization. Indicators for assessing infant and young child feeding practices part 2: measurement. Malta: World Health Organization; 2010. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/44306/?sequence=1
  7. World Health Organization. Global nutrition monitoring framework: operational guidance for tracking progress in meeting targets for 2025 [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2017. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241513609
  8. UNICEF. Infant and young child feeding: minimum acceptable diet, minimum diet diversity, minimum meal frequency [Internet]. New York: UNICEF; 2019. Available from: https://data.unicef.org/topic/nutrition/infant-and-young-child-feeding/
  9. Puspitasari MD, Gayatri M. Indonesia infant and young child feeding practice: the role of women’s empowerment in household domain. Glob J Health Sci. 2020;12(9):129-144.
  10. Victor R, Baines SK, Agho KE, Dibley MJ. Factors associated with inappropriate complementary feeding practices among children aged 6-23 months in Tanzania. Matern Child Nutr. 2014;10(4):545-561.
  11. The Central Bureau of Statistics of Indonesia (BPS). Peraturan Kepala Badan Pusat Statistik No. 103 Tahun 2016 tentang pedoman teknis Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi dan Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten/Kota dalam rangka Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia 2017 [Regulation of The Central Bureau of Statistics of Indonesia No. 103 206 on technical guideline for The Provinsial Central Bureau of Statistics of Indonesia and The City/District Central Bureau of Statistics of Indonesia in order to Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey implementation]. Jakarta: The Central Bureau of Statistics of Indonesia; 2016.
  12. The National Population and Family Planning Board (BKKBN), The Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS), Ministry of Health of Indonesia. Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia 2017 [Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey 2017]. Jakarta; 2018.
  13. Janmohamed A, Luvsanjamba M, Norov B, Batsaikhan E, Jamiyan B, Blankenship JL. Complementary feeding practices and associated factors among Mongolian children 6 – 23 months of age. Maternal & Child Nutrition. 2020;16:1-9.
  14. Gatica-Domínguez G, Neves PAR, Barros AJD, Victora CG. Complementary feeding practices in 80 low- and middle-income countries: prevalence of and socioeconomic inequalities in dietary diversity, meal frequency, and dietary adequacy. J Nutr. 2021;151(7):1956-1964.
  15. Kaimila Y, Divala O, Agapova SE, Stephenson KB, Thakwalakwa C, Trehan I, et al. Consumption of animal-source protein is associated with improved height-for-age Z scores in rural malawian children aged 12–36 months. Nutrients. 2019;11(2).
  16. Filmer D, Pritchett LH. Estimating wealth effects without expenditure data - or tears: an application to educational enrollments in states of India. Demography. 2001;38(1):115-132.
  17. Patel A, Pusdekar Y, Badhoniya N, Borkar J, Agho KE, Dibley MJ. Determinants in inappropriate complementary feeding practices in young children in India: Secondary analysis of National Family Health Survey 2005-2006. Matern Child Nutr. 2012;8:28-44.
  18. Issaka AI, Agho KE, Page AN, Burns PL, Stevens GJ, Dibley MJ. Determinants of suboptimal complementary feeding practices among children aged 6-23 months in four anglophone West African countries. Matern Child Nutr. 2015;11:14-30.
  19. Joshi N, Agho KE, Dibley MJ, Senarath U, Tiwari K. Determinants of inappropriate complementary feeding practices in young children in Nepal: Secondary data analysis of Demographic and Health Survey 2006. Matern Child Nutr. 2012;8:45-59.
  20. Simon K. Digital in Southeast Asia in 2017 [Internet]. We Are Social; 2017. Available from: https://wearesocial.com/sg/blog/2017/02/digital-southeast-asia-2017/
  21. The World Bank. Individuals using the internet (% of population)-Indonesia [Internet]. The World Bank Group; 2019. Available from: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.NET.USER.ZS?locations=ID

How to Cite

Zebadia, E., & Atmaka, D. R. (2021). Factors associated with minimum dietary diversity among 6-11-month-old children in Indonesia: Analysis of the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey. Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive, 9(2), 132–138. https://doi.org/10.15562/phpma.v9i2.340
ACM ACS APA ABNT Chicago Harvard IEEE MLA Turabian Vancouver
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

HTML
57

Total
21

Share

Search Panel

Eurika Zebadia
Google Scholar
Pubmed
Phpma Journal

Dominikus Raditya Atmaka
Google Scholar
Pubmed
Phpma Journal